Happy New Year

CONTROVERSIAL

ARTICLE 370

Article 370 of Indian constitution is temporary provision which grants the special autonomous status to Jammu & Kashmir. Under part 21 of the Indian constitution which deals with temporary transitional and special provisions. The state of J & K has been accorded special status under Article 370.

The provision was drafted in 1947 by Sheikh Abdullah who had been appointed as a Prime minister of J & K by Maharaja Harisinh and Jawaharlal Neharu. Sheikh Abdullah argued that Article 370 should not be placed under temporary provision of constitution. He wanted ‘Iron clad autonomy’ for the state.

According to this article, except defense, foreign affairs, Financial , and Communication parliament of J & K needs to concurrence to applying other lows. Thus the state’s residents live under a separate set of lows including those related to citizenship, ownership of property and fundamental rights as compared to other Indians. It means that other Indians cannot purchase land or property in J & K.

Indian government has no power to declare financial emergency under article 360 in the state. It cannot declare emergency in that state only in case of war or external aggression.

As we know that India became independent from Britishers in 1947. There were more than 500 self-governing princely states available which was administrated by separate emperor. Sardar Patel took charge of task to forge a United-India from British Colonial provinces allocated to India and more than 500 self-governing princely states.

Sardar Patel had been played most valuable role to make United India. At that time more than 500 self-governing princely states were ruled. They have given the option of joining either India or Pakistan or choosing Independence. On 6 may 1947, Patel began lobbying the princes attempting to make them receptive towards dialogue with the future Government and trying to forestall potential conflicts.

Patel arranged one meeting at their home and started that   there was no inherent conflict between the congress and the princely order. He stressed that the princes would need to accede to India in good faith by 15 August 1947. Patel gave the deadline of 15 August 1947 for them to sign the instrument of accession document. All state willingly merged into Indian union. Only Jammu and Kashmir, Junagadh and Hyderabad did not fall into his basket.

Junagadh was especially important to Patel then his home state of Gujarat. The Navab was in under pressure from Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto acceded to Pakistan. Junagadh was quite far from Pakistan and 80% population was Hindu. Patel combine diplomacy with force, demanding that Pakistan annul the accession and that the Navab accede to India. He sent the Army to occupy three principalities   of Junagadh to show his resolve. Following widespread protest and the formation of civil government cause called Aarzi Hukummat. Both Bhutto and Navab flied to Pakistan. After that, Plebiscite organized and its produce the 99.5% vote for merge with India.

Hyderabad was the largest princely state included parts of present day Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra states. Ruler, the Nizam Osman Ali khan was Muslim; although over 80% at people were Hindu. He didn`t wanted to acceded to India and he continued attacks on people of Indian. Even though a standstill agreement was signed due to desperate efforts of Lord Mountbatten to avoid a war. Nizam rejected deals and changed his position. Patel reconciled Nehru, Governor General Rajagopalachari to Military action. This mission was called ‘POLO’. At last, Hyderabad was comfortably secured into Indian Union.

During those days Pakistani invasion of Kashmir began in September 1947. Patel immediately wanted to send troops into Kashmir. But agreeing  with Nehru and Mountbatten. He waited till Kashmir`s Monarch had acceded to India. Patel strongly advised Nehru against going for arbitration to the United Nations. For this period article 370 was incorporated in constitution as a temporary measure. Even when the state assembly ratified the state`s accession to India, the article was not scrapped. 

After Pakistan came into existence in 1947, irregular armed raiders from Pakistan infiltrated into Kashmir with a view to take control over it by force. In terms of Indian independence Act 1947, the ruler of J & K signed deed of accession to India. As a result in law, J & K became an integral part of India. Thereupon Indian government sent its forces and pushed the infiltrators out from Kashmir valley.

As a gesture goodwill to the people of Kashmir and confident that they were with India , the Indian leadership ordered cease fire and offered plebiscite, provided Pakistan vacated the territory still in its illegal occupation. Pakistan never vacated it and kept pressing for plebiscite. To press its demand it has been encouraging infiltration of armed terrorists in Kashmir.

According to India, since Pakistan never vacated the territory in its illegal occupation. The plebiscite has became infructuous and Kashmir has now became an integral part of India. This dispute has led to three wars between India and Pakistan and ongoing tension on the line of control. The people of Kashmir are being subjected to violence terrorism and instability.

Durga Shakti Nagpal

The Judgment of Supreme court

on Durga sakti nagpal case

            In August,2013 a case was came into SC related to 28 year old IAS officer(SDM) had taken action against sand mining mafia active in Gautambuddh nagar district and demolition of compound wall of religious place.

            In a string of villages by the banks of yamuna in Greater noida, there were illegal business was going on at midnight. Between midnight and early morning they load the trucks with sand from the river banks which was supplied to Delhi for construction industry. The local authorities did nothing to intervence. The Durga sakti nagpal which is a 2010 batch IAS officer decided to take strict action against Noida' illegal sand mining mafia. So in February and July this year,with the help of Noida police 28 year old DM of Gautambuddh nagar district,registered 66 FIRs,arrested 104 people and seized 81 vehicles engaged in sand mining. She arranged the flying squads of policeman who would conduct raids anytime between 11 pm and 4 pm. All action had been planned by Durga sakti Nagpal.

            Samajwadi Party was blamed her about sand mining but they couldn't take any decision against Durga sakti nagpal.

            Samajwadi Party was blamed her about sand mining but they couldn't take any decision against Durga sakti nagpal for sand mining but they blam her to breakdown the wall of Mosque July 27, they ordered her suspension allegedy for inciting communal tension by breaking down the boundary wall of Mosque in Kadalpur Noida during Ramzan. But Govt. couldn't suspend her for Mosque wall. because boundary wall of the under-construction mosque was being built on Gram sabha not on private land.

            So, next day the news was broke about her suspension and her bold and brave action against the sand mafia. The Nation was united in appreciation of her work . The senior lawyer Ram jethmalani offered to defend her for free if she want to court. UP IAS officer's association have both petitioned the state Govt. against her suspension.

            After suspension, she posted to the board of revenue at Lucknow. She has maintained silence.

            The people were came out from home to protest the suspension of Durga sakti. The UP IAS officer's association was demanded to state govt. to revoke the suspension of her, some activists have taken her fight to court where two public interest litigation(PIL) in SC and Allah bad high court.

            "Everyone know it is a delayed decision. IAS officers in the country need an environment to work freely and fairly" said R Bhoos Reddy.

            Mrs.Nagpal and her husband met the minister of state for personnel and secretary, Department of personnel and training demanding change in rule.

            The IAS officer's association with support from IPS ans IFOs officers had demanded that the power of transfer of IAS,IPS,IFOs officers should be taken away from state Govt.

            After the discussion on this case, the IAS officer's association and SC had decided and said that IAS officers should not take verbal orders from their bosses or politicians.

            In additional court said that Govt. Servant doesn't take verbal instructions, but they must record it in writing. The court suggested to reform the bureaucracy specially in the posting,transfering and disciplinary action, enable to serve the nation by honesty and properly without any interference from politicians. Because IAS officers are public servants, govt. can't deal with them as domestic servants.

            The Revocation of suspension order is the victory of honesty and total dedication to the nation by an officer of India.

             

Jay APPS

http://www.appsgeyser.com/getwidget/Jay%202/

Space

Supergiant : -

Supergiants are the most massive stars. Supergiants can have masses from 10 to 70 solar masses and brightness from 30,000 up to hundreds of thousands times the solar luminosity.

Cepheid variable :-

A Cepheid variable or Cepheid is a member of a particular class of variable stars, notable for a fairly tight correlation between their period of variability and absolute luminosity.

Edwin Hubble :-

Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889 - September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer, noted for his discovery of galaxies beyond the Milky Way and the cosmological redshift.

Information Technology

Computing :-

Originally, the word computing was synonymous with counting and calculating, and a science that deals with the original sense of computing mathematical calculations..

Computer software —

Software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task, as opposed to the physical components of the system (hardware).

Security engineering —

 

Security engineering is the field of engineering dealing with the security and integrity of real-world systems. It is similar to systems engineering ...  

 

Grid computing —

 

Grid computing is an emerging computing model that provides the ability to perform higher throughput computing by taking advantage of many networked ...  

Bank Exam

SSC (Staff Selection Commission) exam date is declared .

The Exam date is :- 21 oct 2013

Please Visit the site of SSC.

(www.SSC.in)

Thank you.......

How worried are you about privacy as you quantify yourself online?

Who knows why it's called a movement. But around Europe, more and more people are becoming Quantified Selfers. They are joining the Quantified Self Movement. They track and log how they sleep, what they do everyday and for how long, what they eat, the number of phone calls they make, the quality of the air they breathe, their moods and physical condition.
It's become a subculture, where Quantified Selfers meet regularly to talk about themselves and the apps they use to track their lives.
A lot of the apps will use the cloud to store your data.
And it's raising questions over privacy and data protection.
At a recent meeting in Berlin, about 100 people gathered at Google office's to share their data and experiences of tracking their lives.
The movement is growing rapidly - this meeting was for the Berlin chapter alone. And health was high on the agenda.

Growing health tracking market

With the rise of self-tracking, developers are tapping into what they consider a growing health market by creating apps that can log and share information about a user's well-being.
Frank Westermann is the co-creator of a mobile app for diabetics.

"People with diabetes need to track their blood glucose levels," says Westermann, "they need to track their intake of carbohydrates and they need to track their activity to calculate the [dose] of insulin they need to give themselves. So this data is really vital. I have needed to do this for more than 17 years. And every diabetic should do it because only with that data can you improve you diabetes therapy."
The app is called MySugr. Westermann uses it himself. And since he started logging data with mySugr, he says his blood glucose level has dropped by more than 25 percent.
"We found that most diabetics do not log this data because it's a time-consuming task, it's annoying, and it's boring. And the way we changed that is by introducing gamification elements - you earn points if you log your blood glucose level and the daily goal we give our users is to reach 50 points and with these 50 points they win their daily battle with diabetes," says Westermann.
The app has more than 15,000 users in Europe. It's claimed to be the continent's most widely used app among diabetics for tracking sugar levels. Feedback from other users, says Westermann, is encouraging.
Who cares about third-party access?
Data entered into the app is stored on the mySugr servers.
MySugr says it anonymizes the data before sharing it with third parties, who may use it for scientific purposes.
But Holger Dieterich, curator of the Start-up Digest, a newsletter for IT start-up events in Berlin, says questions need to be asked about what happens to the data.
"A year or two ago, this was very much a technical debate - you know, what can be done with meters, or measuring your heart rate, or whatever. It was lots of geeks out there interested in data, mostly," says Dietrich. "But the other perspective is who owns this data? And what can be done with this data?"
Yu may well call it a privacy issue - but not all users say they care about privacy.
Christian Heller is the author of "Beyond Privacy."
Heller is a self-tracker, but he doesn't use mobile apps. Instead, he logs his data - including information on how often he has sex - on the Internet.

Other apps like Nike Fuelband are also popular among quantified selfers - Fuelband tracks physical activity

"I think the great discoveries are still to come," says Heller, "in terms of people measuring their bodily functions, for example, and finding out what helps them and what disturbs them. This thing is not going to go away. It will become more and more important and a integral part of many people's lives."
Life-long logging
But for someone who has had to log his blood-sugar levels every few hours for so many years, mySugr co-developer Frank Westermann is keen to suggest that data should be classified in different ways.
"We are classified as a medical device. We are a regulated product," he says. "You have to distinguish between a fitness tracking application and wearable sensors and health sensors. These fitness tracking apps, and their data, are not as sensitive as diabetes data, and they are also treated differently by the regulatory bodies."
"I'm doing life logging for another reason - to simply improve a very hard fact of my health. Although with MySugr we've introduced fun and excitement into diabetes therapy, for me it still is a struggle to work with my diabetes," says Westermann.
Self-tracking apps have made it easier for people with chronic illnesses to understand their bodies by simplifying how they track their health stats. But there may yet be a price to pay - if users start losing control of their data.

Merit Declared

Merit is Declared ..........